A498 Cells
General information
Description | A498 cells are a human renal cell carcinoma cell line derived from the kidney tissue of a 58-year-old Caucasian male. These cells are extensively used in research related to kidney cancer, particularly for studying clear cell renal cell carcinoma, which is the most common type of kidney cancer in adults. The A498 cell line is characterized by its epithelial-like morphology and has been a valuable model for investigating the molecular and cellular mechanisms of renal carcinogenesis. These cells exhibit several features typical of kidney cancer, including alterations in the expression of genes involved in cell cycle regulation, apoptosis, and angiogenesis. A498 cells are particularly useful for examining the metabolic pathways altered in kidney cancer, as they display a distinct metabolic profile that includes changes in lipid and glucose metabolism. This aspect makes them suitable for metabolic targeting studies, which explore how altering metabolic pathways can inhibit tumor growth. Furthermore, A498 cells are employed in drug discovery and toxicology studies to test the efficacy of new chemotherapeutic agents and targeted therapies. They are also used to study the response of renal cancer cells to hypoxic conditions?a common feature of solid tumors that significantly influences tumor behavior and treatment response. Overall, the A498 cell line serves as an essential tool in renal cancer research, facilitating the development of more effective therapeutic strategies and enhancing our understanding of kidney cancer biology. |
---|---|
Organism | Human |
Tissue | Kidney |
Disease | Renal cell carcinoma |
Synonyms | A-498 |
Characteristics
Age | 52 years |
---|---|
Gender | Male |
Ethnicity | Caucasian |
Morphology | Epithelial-like |
Growth properties | Monolayer, adherent |
Identifiers / Biosafety / Citation
Citation | A498 (Cytion catalog number 300113) |
---|---|
Biosafety level | 1 |
Expression / Mutation
Isoenzymes | PGM3, 1, PGM1, 1-2, ES-D, 2, Me-2, 1, AK-1, 1, GLO-1, 2, G6PD, B |
---|---|
Tumorigenic | Yes, in nude mice. Forms undifferentiated carcinoma, also forms tumors in anti thymocyte serum treated newborn mice |
Ploidy status | Bimodal, tetraploid |
Handling
Culture Medium | EMEM, w: 2 mM L-Glutamine, w: 1.5 g/L NaHCO3, w: EBSS, w: 1 mM Sodium pyruvate, w: NEAA (Cytion article number 820100c) |
---|---|
Medium supplements | Supplement the medium with 10% FBS |
Passaging solution | Accutase |
Doubling time | 62 hours |
Subculturing | Remove the old medium from the adherent cells and wash them with PBS that lacks calcium and magnesium. For T25 flasks, use 3-5 ml of PBS, and for T75 flasks, use 5-10 ml. Then, cover the cells completely with Accutase, using 1-2 ml for T25 flasks and 2.5 ml for T75 flasks. Let the cells incubate at room temperature for 8-10 minutes to detach them. After incubation, gently mix the cells with 10 ml of medium to resuspend them, then centrifuge at 300xg for 3 minutes. Discard the supernatant, resuspend the cells in fresh medium, and transfer them into new flasks that already contain fresh medium. |
Split ratio | A ratio of 1:2 to 1:4 is recommended |
Seeding density | 1 x 10^4 cells/cm^2 will result in a confluent monolayer within 4 days. |
Fluid renewal | Every 3 days |
Freezing recovery | After thawing, plate the cells at 2 x 10^4 cells/cm^2 and allow the cells to recover from the freezing process and to adhere for at least 24 to 48 hours. |
Freeze medium | CM-1 (Cytion catalog number 800100) or CM-ACF (Cytion catalog number 806100) |
Handling of cryopreserved cultures |
|
Quality control / Genetic profile / HLA
Sterility | Mycoplasma contamination is excluded using both PCR-based assays and luminescence-based mycoplasma detection methods. To ensure there is no bacterial, fungal, or yeast contamination, cell cultures are subjected to daily visual inspections. |
---|---|
STR profile |
Amelogenin: x,x
CSF1PO: 11,12
D13S317: 12
D16S539: 12
D5S818: 11,13
D7S820: 11,12
TH01: 6,9.3
TPOX: 8,11
vWA: 18
D3S1358: 15
D21S11: 28,32
D18S51: 17
Penta E: 10,14
Penta D: 9,14
D8S1179: 13,15
FGA: 18,2
|
HLA alleles |
A*: 02:01:01
B*: 08:01:01
C*: 07:01:01
DRB1*: 03:01:01
DQA1*: 05:01:01
DQB1*: 02:01:01
DPB1*: 01:01:01
E: 01:03:02
|